血小板及其替代物输注的研究进展

Research Progress of Platelet and Its Substitutes Transfusion

血小板输注可预防和治疗血小板减少患者的出血,血小板替代剂可替代或减少血小板输注,可能在控制出血方面比血小板输注更有效,且不良反应少。到目前为止,研发的替代物有人造血小板替代物、重组凝血因子、纤维蛋白原、血小板生成素模拟物、抗纤溶药物等。近年来,国内外对血小板及其替代物制品、血小板制品细菌污染及凋亡指标的检测、血小板输注效果评估及影响因素、血小板输注的剂量与阈值等方面作了大量工作,已取得巨大进步,但仍有很多问题尚待解决。

Platelet transfusion can prevent and treat the bleeding of patients with thrombecytopenia,and its substitutes can replace or reduce platelet transfusion, which is more effective and has less adverse reactions in controlling bleeding than platelet transfusion. So far,the substitutes in research and development are artificial platelet substitutes ,recombinant coagu- lation factors, fibrinngen, thrombopoietin mimics, and anti-fibrinolytic drugs etc. In recent years, researches in domestic and foreign country have done a lot of work in the development of platelet and the substitute products, platelet product bacterial contamination and apoptosis indicators, platelet transfusion effect assessment and influencing factors, platelet transfusion dose and platelet transfusion threshold, and so on, making great progress. However, there are still many problems to be solved.