论清代文字狱对小说文本形态的影响

The Influence of the Literary Inquisition in Qing Dynasty on the Form of the Novel Text

清代频发的文字狱和小说禁毁政策,使小说家、编选者或书坊主产生了强烈的惧祸意识,并最终在小说文本形态上反映出来。那些因文字狱而遭到禁毁的小说尤其是时事小说,其文本形态往往在刊行过程中被大幅修改;有些小说虽然未曾引发文字狱,但为避免触犯时忌,书坊主在刊刻过程中也会对那些与时政有关的敏感内容主动作出"修正";文字狱及小说禁毁政策对清代小说家的创作心态产生了显著影响,并由此左右了其小说文本建构策略。

In Qing Dynasty, the literary inquisition often occurs, and the strict official novel prohibition policy leads the novelists, compilers or bookshop owners to have a strong sense of fear, which is finally reflected in the form of the novel text. Those novels which have been banned in the literary inquisition, especially the cur- rent novel, have a text form often modified in printing process. Although some novels have not caused literary inquisition, in order to avoid breaking the law, the bookshop owners will make necessary changes to the con- tent of those sensitive and politically connected part in the publication process. The inquisition and policy therefore influence the textual construction strategy of the novelists.