2006-2015年新疆维吾尔自治区南北部甲型肝炎疫情特征分析

Epidemiology of hepatitis A in southern and northern Xinjiang,2006-2015

目的分析新疆南部和北部甲型肝炎(甲肝)高发地州甲肝流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学数据。方法通过中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统获得2006-2015年新疆南部和田地区、喀什地区和克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州(克州),以及新疆北部伊犁哈萨克自治州和昌吉回族自治州的甲肝个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果和田、喀什、克州、伊犁和昌吉2006-2015年甲肝年平均发病率分别为36.91/10万、27.60/10万、49.27/10万、14.01/10万和6.75/10万。南疆、北疆地区甲肝均呈秋冬季高发;0-9岁儿童发病数分别占72.31%、32.33%;散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生发病数分别占77.44%、57.05%,男、女性发病数之比分别为1.47∶1、1.45∶1。结论南疆地区甲肝发病水平较北疆地区高。建议加强儿童和中小学生甲肝疫苗接种。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in southern and northern Xinjiang with the region＇s high incidence during 2006-2015,and to provide evidence for developing measures to control hepatitis A. Methods We used the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System to collect data on hepatitis A cases from Hotan,Kashgar and Kizilsu prefectures in southern Xinjiang and from Ili and Changji prefectures in northern Xinjiang during 2006-2015. Data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The average annual incidence rates of hepatitis A in Hotan,Kashgar,Kizilsu,Ili and Changji from 2006 to 2015 were 36. 91,27. 60,49. 27,14. 01 and 6. 75 per100 000 population,respectively. Hepatitis A cases peaked in autumn and winter in both southern and northern Xinjiang; 72. 31% and 32. 33% of cases were 0-9 years old,respectively; 77. 44% and57. 05% were scattered children,kindergarten children or students,respectively; the male to female ratios were 1. 47 ∶ 1 and 1. 45 ∶ 1,respectively. Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis A was higher in southern Xinjiang than in northern Xinjiang. We suggest strengthening hepatitis A vaccination for children and for primary and secondary school students.