浙江省生态足迹测算及其时空分异特征分析

Spatial-temporal differentiation and dynamic evolution of ecological footprint in Zhejiang province

考察浙江生态环境状况,揭示生态环境与浙江地区发展之间的互动关系。运用生态足迹模型和主成份分析法对浙江省际以及地级市层面2008—2013年的生态足迹进行测算。研究结果表明:浙江省际及地级市层面(除舟山外)人均生态足迹总体呈现上升趋势,但地级市之间上升幅度存在较大差异性;各地级市生态足迹总体呈现西南低东北高的分布格局;人均生态赤字的测算结果表明各地级呈现出不同的生态环境压力状况。依据实证结论,结合浙江生态环境实际提出3点对策建议:通过技术创新或推广新能源等途径减少化石燃料的使用,建立个人"生态账户",记录其对生态改善的贡献;倡导减少食物浪费、节约能源,进口"虚拟承载力";加快海洋牧场建设。

The purpose of this paper is to study the environmental conditions in Zhejiang and to uncover the interac- tion between environment and regional development in Zhejiang. Ecological footprint Model and principal compo- nent analysis were used to calculate the ecological footprints of Zhejiang Province and its prefecture-level city in 2008--2013. The results of study show that： The per capita ecological footprints of Zhejiang province and prefec- ture-level cities （except Zhoushan） revealed a general trend of increase, but there is a big difference in rise be- tween them. The ecological footprint of each prefecture-level city are generally higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast. The results about the calculation of per capita ecological deficit showed that the distribution of ecologi- cal environment pressure in prefecture-level cities is different . Based on the empirical results and the actual situa- tion of Zhejiang, it is suggested to conduct technological innovation or new energy to reduce the use of fossil fuels, establish ＂ecological accounts＂ for individuals to record their contribution to ecological improvement. The paper ad- vocates reducing food waste, save energy, Import ＂Virtual Carrying Capacity＂ and speed up the construction of ma- rine ranching and reduce some animal food demand.