肠道病毒68型的研究进展

Advances in enterovirus D68

2014年,在美国暴发了肠道病毒68型(enterovirus D68,EV-D68)感染相关的急性呼吸道疾病,引起全球对EV-D68的广泛关注。EV-D68属于小RNA病毒科肠道病毒属,然而其某些生物学特性和流行规律却与典型肠道病毒不同。EV-D68可通过呼吸道传播,重症患者可表现与脊髓灰质炎相似的神经系统症状,且有一定的死亡率。该病原在世界多个国家和地区的流行为世界公共卫生安全提出了挑战。现对EV-D68流行概况、分子流行病学、血清中和抗体、交叉保护等方面的研究进展作一综述。

In 2014, America experienced a nationwide outbreak of severe respiratory illness associated with enterovirus D68 （ EV-D68 ）, which draw the attention of multiple countries worldwide for EV-D68. EV-D68 belongs to the genus enterovirus of the picornaviridae family, however, there are some differences in biological and epidemic characteristics between EV- D68 and typical enteroviruses. EV-D68 could spread through respiratory tract, the severe patients might display the neuro- logical symptoms, which are similar to these observed in poliovirus infection, occasionally, leading to some fatal cases. The epidemic of EV-D68 has posed a challenge against the public health protection in different countries and areas in the world, however, there is a lack of researches on the aspects, including pathogenesis, health burden, prevention, and treatment. This article provides an overview on EV-D68 about the current epidemic situation, molecular epidemiology, serum neutrali- zing antibodies, and cross protection, etc.