2001-2014年八大留学目的国位序变化的成因分析与启示

Root Causes and Enlightenments for the Ranking Modification of Global Eight Target Countries for Overseas Studies from 2001 to 2014

美国国际教育研究所2015年发布的《门户开放》报告显示:2014年,前八大留学目的国相比2001年发生了很大变化。美国仍然位居第一,但是留学生份额下降到20%;西班牙、比利时滑出前八,德国排位下降且份额减少2%;英国、法国、日本份额不变,但后两者的位次均有所降低;中国、加拿大分别跃居第三和第七,澳大利亚拥有留学生比例增加了2%,但排序却由第五变成第六。研究发现:一国的经济发展状况与政策支持强度是影响学生留学目的国的主要因素,而一国的教育投入对留学生份额占比的影响却不大。为实现我国国际留学生"保三进二"的战略目标,必须加大对奖学金的支持力度,强化英语课程建设,不断提高留学生教育质量,关注留学生移民问题。

In 2015,the US Institute of International Education released the Open Doors,which shows that in 2014,great changes has taken place in the ranks of top eight host destination countries compared to that in 2001. As to the overseas student number,United States still ranks No. 1,but its share drops into 20%. Both Spain and Belgium have been driven out of the top eight. Germany declines in one rank with the reduction of 2%. Although the shares of Britain,France and Japan remain the same as that in 2001,ranks of latter two have moved backwards. Both China and Canada rank No. 3 and No. 7 respectively and Australia has an increase of 2% in share,but a decrease in rank from fifth to sixth. It is found that both the status of economic development and policy making are the key factors affecting the students to study abroad,but a country＇s education investment has less influence. In order to realize the strategic goal of＂To be the second based on the third＂,China should increase investment in the program of scholarship,set up intensive English course and keep on upgrading the quality of international student education,focus on the problem of students＇ immigration.