从DIT到ICM:道德判断测验的变迁

From DIT to ICM:Transformation of Moral Judgment Test

在后科尔伯格道德认知发展理论中,以莱斯特为代表的道德发展理论独树一帜,敢于迎接时代的挑战,在实证研究和理论方面不断创新。其实证研究经历了从四成分模型(FCM)向确定问题测验(DIT),再向中间概念测量(ICM)的演变过程,在理论上向科尔伯格传统的道德判断访谈法(MJI)和三水平六阶段理论提出挑战,在测验的内容、评定和排序方式、评分方式上做了重大改进,在道德测验程序简化基础上逐步实现道德测验的生态化。借鉴和思考西方道德判断测验的研究成果,对推动我国道德教育的实效性和生态合理性具有重要学术价值。

Among the Neo-Kohlbergian schools, an important contribution is James Rest＇s cognitive theory, which prospers both theory and empirical study innovatively. Its measurement has developed from Four Component Model （FCM） to Defining Issues Test （DIT1 and DIT2）, and then to Intermediate Con- cept Measurement （ICM）. It challenged traditional Kohlberg＇s Moral Judgment Interview （MJI） and the theory of ＂three levels and six stages＂; it has made significant improvements in the content, rating and ranking of the test and it has gradually realized the ecology of moral measurement on the basis of simplify- ing moral test procedures. Introducing and learning the research findings on West moral judgment tests is of great value to promote the efficacy and ecological reasonability of moral education in China.