以审判为中心的证人、鉴定人出庭作证制度的实践思考

Thoughts on the Practice of the Witness and Appraiser Testifying in Court under the Trial-centered System

近年来,在推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革背景下,学术界和实务部门围绕证人、鉴定人出庭作证制度开展了学术探讨和试点实践。以S市C区法院为研究样本,认为证人、鉴定人出庭作证制度有利于实现庭审实质化、实现证据裁判和实现人权保障三方面诉讼价值。同时,该制度在证据裁判操作规程方面还不够具体,操作性不够强,尤其是在司法实践中,证人、鉴定人出庭范围、当庭证言与庭外证言的采信规则、质证环节的交叉询问规则有待进一步明确和细化。同时,还需要从庭前沟通、证人保护、物质补助等方面完善相关配套保障机制,切实发挥该制度在庭审中心、审判中心格局中的关键作用,确保证人、鉴定人出庭作证制度落到实处、发挥实效。

In recent years, on the background of criminal procedure reform centered on trial, academic discussion and trial practice have been carried out around the system of witnesses and appraisers testifying in court. Take S city C district court as a sample, the authors believe that the system of witnesses and appraisers testifying in court is conducive to the realization of the value of substantive court trial, evidentiary adjudication and protection of human rights. At the same time,the operating rules of evidentiary adjudication of the above system are not specific, nor operable enough. The scope of the witnesses and appraisers, the rules for adoption in court and out of court testimony, and the rules for cross examination need to be refined. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the system of the witness and appraiser testifying in court, it also needs to improve the supporting mechanism from the aspects of pretrial communication, witness protection and material assistance.