价值、现状与重构:民事诉讼专家辅助人制度之探讨

The Value, Status and Reconstruction:Discussion on the Expert Assistant System in Civil Procedure

民事诉讼专家辅助人制度具有较强的价值意义,其有利于辅助当事人保障诉讼权利、协助法官促进公正裁判、推进改革优化庭审方式。然而,当前专家辅助人制度在运行过程中面临一些实践困境,其适用率偏低、仅集中于少数民事纠纷、不同地区适用情况差别较大、总体情况不佳、各地做法不一、缺乏统一标准等,亟需从完善启动程序、严格准入条件、界定诉讼地位、明确意见效力、厘清权利义务、健全配套制度等方面加以完善与重构。有鉴于此,以民事诉讼为研究视阈,从专家辅助人制度的价值意义出发,分析专家辅助人制度的运行困境,探讨专家辅助人制度的重构进路。

The expert assistant system in civil procedure has great value and significance. It is helpful to assist the protection of litigation rights of the parties, the promotion of fair judgment, and the optimization of trial reform. However, the current operation process of the expert assistant system in civil procedure is facing some practical difficulties： low application rate, over-focus on a small number of civil disputes, discrepancy in its application in different regions, an overall unsatisfactory situation that varies from case to case, the practice that varies from place to place and lack of uniform standards. It needs to be perfected and reconstructed, by improving the start-up procedures, making strict the access conditions, defining the litigation status, spelling out the effect of appraisal opinions, clarifying the rights and obligations,and improving the supporting system. This article takes civil procedure as the research area, starting from the value and significance of the expert assistant system in civil procedure, analyzing the operation dilemma of the system.