生活质量的跨文化属性研究

The Cross-Cultural Nature of Quality of Life

本文重点介绍了过去20年来对生活质量概念的探究,旨在阐明生活质量的概念化、改善生活质量的测量方式以及提升生活质量概念的应用水平。文章讨论了生活质量的概念如何逐步演变为由多个核心领域以及领域指标构成的多维概念模型;在生活质量各领域指标的评估、自我报告和他人报告的使用、服务接受者的积极参与、评估结果信息的综合使用及报告、基准测试、研究和评估质量的改善方面,生活质量测量的最佳做法如何达成相关;生活质量概念的应用如何考虑不同文化背景特质,如对残障的认知方式、组织和制度变革的程度、对专业教育与发展的关注度及其所采用的研究方法等。另外,文章围绕生活质量概念的普适性及文化制约性,对相关的评估与应用进行了讨论。

the article focused on efforts over the last 20 years to clarify its conceptualization, improve its measurement, and advance its application, in the article we have discussed how the concept of quality of life has evolved into a validated multidimensional conceptual model composed of core domains and domain indicators; how best practices in QOL measurement involve the assessment of domain-referenced indicqtors, the use of self-report and report of others, the active involvement of service recipients, and the multiple use of the assessment information for reporting, benchmarking, research, and quality improvement; and how application is based on contextual issues including the approach taken to disability, the extent of organization and systems change, the focus of professional education and development, and the approach taken to research, in addition, we have discussed the important distinction between the universal nature of the QOL concept, and the culture-bound nature of its assessment and application.