肺炎支原体感染患儿消化系统损害的临床特点及危险因素分析

Analysis of Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Digestive System Damage of Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

目的探究肺炎支原体感染患儿消化系统损害的临床特点及危险因素,为肺炎支原体感染患儿发生消化系统损害提供治疗和参考依据。方法选取该院儿科2013年1月—2016年6月收治的97例肺炎支原体感染患儿作为研究对象,均经过临床检查为肺炎支原体Ig M阳性或者DNA阳性被确诊为肺炎支原体感染,分两组进行比较,其中有消化系统损害的47例,作为观察组,无消化系统损害的50例,作为对照组,分析观察组患者的消化系统临床症状发生率;对比两组患儿的住院时间、病程和退热时间以及抗生素应用起始时间;对比两组患儿的高热、C反应蛋白和红细胞沉降的发生的比例。结果观察组患儿发生恶心呕吐为16例,占30.04%,发生腹泻的为13例,占27.65%,其次为腹痛,急性胆囊炎和急性肝炎,而肝脾肿大的发生率仅为3例,占6.38%;观察组患儿的病程和退热时间明显少于对照组,观察组患儿的抗生素应用起始时间明显晚于对照组;观察组患儿高热的发生率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患儿的C反应蛋白和红细胞沉降率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论肺炎支原体感染的患儿容易并发肺外并发症,恶心、呕吐和腹泻等消化系统损害在肺外并发症的发生率较高,患儿的出现高热和持续发热时间以及抗生素应用的起始时间是导致肺炎支原体感染患儿消化系统损害的危险因素,因次,临床应该加强对小儿肺炎支原体感染并发消化系统损害的重视,采取积极抗生素治疗措施可以有效减少患儿并发消化系统损害的发生,促进患儿的康复进程。

Objective To study the clinical features and risk factors of digestive system damage of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae and provide basis for the treatment of digestive system damage of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae. Methods 97 cases of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae admitted and treated in our hospital from January 2013 to June 2016 were selected as the research objects and divided into the observation group with 47 cases and the control group with 50 cases, the observation group was with the digestive System damage, while the control group was without the digestive system damage, and the incidence rate of digestive system clinical symptoms, length of stay, disease course, defervescence time, starting time of antibiotics use, high-fever, C-reactive protein and occurrence ratio of erythrosedimentation were compared between the two groups. Results In the observation group, 16 cases were with nausea and vomiting, accounting for 30.04%, 13 cases with diarrhea, accounting for 27.65%, the second was abdominal pain, acute cholecystitis and acute hepatitis, and the incidence rate of hepatosplenomegaly was 6.35% with 3 cases, and the disease course and defervescence time in the observation group were fewer than those in the control group, and the antibacterial use starting time in the observation group was obviously later than that in the control group, and the incidence rate of high-fever in the observation group was obviously higher than that in the control group with statistical significance（P〈0.05）, and the differences in the C-reactive protein and occurrence ratio of erythrosedimentation was not obvious with statistical significance（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The children with mycoplasma pneumoniae is easy to be with extrapulmonary complications, the incidence rate of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea in the extrapulmonary complications is higher, and the high-fever, continuous fever time and antibacterial use starting time are the risk factors of digestive system damage of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae, therefore, we should pay more attention to the children s mycoplasmal infection and digestive system damage and adopt the positive antibacterial treatment measures thus effectively reducing the occurrence of digestive system damage and promoting the rehabilitation process of children.