混合功能驱动下的海岛聚落范式与空间形态解析——浙江舟山地区的产住共同体实证

Paradigm and spatial pattern analysis of island settlements based on mixed-use development:A case study of Zhoushan work-live community

基于混合功能人居理论和海岛产住共同体实证,阐释海洋背景下产住混合聚落的演化范式和动因。在海岛小微产住个体的混质功能要素解析上,建构以"时间—空间—社群"为基本维度的混质元胞评价模型。进而,以聚居宅基地为单元因子,采用STING法进行"微分"式的产住元胞解析,并借助GIS模拟评价聚落空间形态。以舟山海岛聚落为实证样本,结果表明:不同类型聚落的产住二元在时空组织和社会构成上差异显著。混质因子具有同质性传递、网络化互动和核域式聚合的增长和扩张规律,促使混合功能聚落发展形成耗散破碎式、组团渗透式、核域递推式的三种空间分布形态。最后,讨论混合功能驱动下的海岛聚居可持续发展模式,并进一步提出产住兼容、职居协同和精明增长的导控机制。

Based on the empirical study of island mixed-use settlements and the theory of worklive community, this paper interprets the evolutionary perspective and motivation of island mixed-use settlements under the background of marine economy. It builds an evaluation model of mixed-use cells including three major aspects（time-space-population） based on analysis of the mixed-use elements of small work-live units. And then it makes a differential analysis of work-live cells by using STING method（statistical information grid） in each settlement homestead. On this basis, the paper deduces evolution mechanism of island settlements which is composed by diversified mixed-use factors, and estimates the settlement spatial form with the aid of GIS kernel density function method. Empirical result of Zhoushan mixed-use settlements manifests that different types of work-live elements have significant differences on space and time organization and social structure. From the perspective of the distribution of settlements space, mixed-use factors accord to the law of homogeneity-diffused, networkedinteracted and centralized-aggregated. We divide settlement patterns into three types of spatial distribution including dissipation broken, cluster permeated and gradient expanded. Finally, the paper comes out several measures that are meaningful for the sustainable improvement of the plan and development of island mixed-use settlements, such as the work-live compatibility of mixed-use systems, organic integration of flexible institutions and smart growth of diverse communities.