从传统到现代:在依附与独立之间彷徨的中国女性

From Tradition to Modernity:Chinese Women's Wandering Between Attachment and Independence

衡量一个社会文化心理自信与否尤其是男性精英自信与否,一个很重要的指标就是女性的社会地位和男性对待女性以及女性自身对待自己的态度。所谓传统对中国女性的压制与束缚并不能一概而论,诸多思想束缚都有其产生的特定时代背景。先秦至汉唐女性几乎没有国家与社会层面的束缚,其天性纯朴自由;宋元明清女性被要求"三从""守节",其天性被压抑受戕害。现代社会女性观的树立可以从西方女权主义思想中吸收营养,摆脱传统观念的束缚,女性自身要追求精神独立,从社会角度来说要从制度设计层面对女性的权益给予保障。

To measure whether a society has confidence in its culture or not,especially whether its male elite have confidence or not,there is a very important indicator,the social status of women,apart from men＇s treatment about women as well as women＇s own attitudes toward themselves. The so-called repression and bondage that the tradition has exerted on women in China cannot be generalized due to the fact that many ideological repressions have their specific background of the times. From the Qin Dynasty to the Han and Tang Dynasties,there was almost no repression coming from both the state and the society,so women remained pure and free in nature; but in the following four dynasties including Song,Yuan,Ming and Qing,women were required to observe＂three obedience＂and to＂preserve chastity after the death of her husband＂. In the contemporary society,the concept of women in modern society can be established by absorbing nutrition from western feminism,getting rid of the shackles of traditional ideas,and women＇ s seeking the spiritual independence. Viewing from the perspective of society,women＇s rights and interests should be protected from the design of system.