介入放射人员眼晶状体防护用品的选择和使用探讨

Discussion on selection and use of eye lens protective equipment for interventional staff

眼晶状体剂量限值的降低，使介入手术中职业人员的眼晶状体剂量监测和防护备受关注。基于文献中模拟计算和实验测量结果的调研，分析了介入人员眼晶状体防护用品的防护效果及影响因素，并提出了选择和使用建议。介入人员的眼晶状体剂量主要来自未被屏蔽而直接入射到眼部的射线；制约眼晶状体防护效果的重点不是铅当量厚度，而是防护用品结构、投照方位、位置布局、人员姿态等几何条件。0.5 mm铅当量对于介入人员眼晶状体防护是足够的；在临床实践中，组合使用铅眼镜和铅屏风能更好地对眼晶状体进行防护。

The decreased occupational dose limit for eye lens has lead to an extensive focus on the eye lens dose monitoring and protection for occupational staff in interventional procedures. Based on the literature investigation of existing measurement and calculation results, the efficiency and influence factors of eye lens protective equipments for interventional staff are analyzed, and the suggestions for selection and use of them are provided. The main contribution to the eye lens dose to interventional staff is unshielded radiation which reaches the eyes directly. The key factors to inflence the efficiency of eye lens protective equipment is the geometric conditions such as structure, beam projection, position arrangement and operator postures, instead of lead equivalent thickness. Equipment of 0.5 mm lead equivalent thickness is enough to protect the eye lens of interventional staff. The combination of lead glasses and lead barrier can provide better protection in clinical practice.