成人呼吸系统疾病的儿童期起源

Childhood origins of adulthood respiratory diseases

支气管哮喘（哮喘）和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是成人主要的慢性呼吸系统疾病，带来沉重的社会和经济负担。成人哮喘和COPD的发病起源于儿童期。特应质和儿童期的某些呼吸道病毒感染是哮喘的危险因素。儿童期各种因素导致成年时肺功能平台降低，促进COPD的发病，这些因素包括早产、哮喘、严重肺部感染、环境污染、吸烟等。防治早产，控制哮喘等措施，可减轻成人呼吸系统疾病负担。

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） are main chronic respiratory diseases in adulthood ,which bring a heavy burden to society and economy. The adulthood asthma and COPD originate from childhood. Atopy and certain respiratory viral infection are the risk factors of asthma. Some factors in childhood including premature, childhood asthma, serious lung infection, air pollution, active smoking will damage pulmonary function in adulthood, which contribute to COPD onset. Strategies such as preventing premature birth and controlling asthma will reduce the burden of chronic respiratory diseases in adults.