社会系统理论视角的农村社区管理

Rural Community Management from the Perspective of Social System Theory

加强农村社区管理是现阶段我国社会管理的重要课题。文章回顾了卢曼的社会系统理论及其特征,并对农村社区管理进行了再思考。从卢曼的社会系统理论的角度来看,农村社区显然是客观的,在封闭的同时又具有开放性;在强调自主性的同时也呈现出多样性的特征。在推进农村社区管理过程中,必须将农村社区当作一个客观存在的系统并予重视,在推动农村社区系统内部管理主体和管理机制的自我成长,也要为农村社区管理建立具有张力的、良好的外部环境,并通过有效的引导,实现系统内外要素的充分互动,从而实现农村社区的"善治"。

Strengthening the management of rural community is an important subject in the current social management of our country. The article reviews the theory and characteristics of Luhmann＇s social system theory and reconsiders rural community management. The paper argues that rural communities are a typical social system, which is objective from the perspective of Luhmann＇s social system theory. It has its closeness and meanwhile it has its openness, which shows its autonomy as well as diversity. Therefore in the process of promoting rural community management, the rural community must be regarded as an objective system and must be paid enough attention, the internal governance and the administrative mechanism should be improved, the favorable and external environment should be built for the rural community management and effective guidance should be developed in order to let these inner elements interact fully and finally achieve ＂good governance＂ in rural communities.