宽体客机机身框段适坠性仿真分析与评估

Crashworthiness simulation analysis and evaluation of wide-body aircraft fuselage section

针对宽体客机机身结构适坠性设计、验证及适航审定需求,分析机身框段不同破坏模式下的吸能特性。建立双层宽体客机机身框段有限元模型,分析其在9.14 m/s坠撞速度下的动态响应特性。针对两种不同的宽体客机机身框段下部结构变形破坏模式,研究得到两种情况下座椅与地板连接处加速度响应和机身各部件吸能情况。仿真结果表明,不同破坏模式下宽体客机客舱空间都得到较好维持,座椅与地板连接处的加速度在人体耐受极限范围内,相同机身部件吸能量不同,其适坠性能可通过改善货舱下部吸能能力得到进一步提升,可为宽体客机结构适坠性设计、分析及评估提供参考。

For the requirements of crashworthiness design, verification and certification of wide-body aircraft, different failure modes of fuselage sections are analyzed. Finite element model of double decks wide-body aircraft fuselage section is developed and the dynamic responses of wide-body fuselage section subjected to vertical impact velocity of 9.14 m/s are analyzed. The failure modes, acceleration responses and energy-absorbing characteristics are obtained and analyzed. Simulation results show that the cabins of wide-body aircrafts are well maintained for the two different cases, and the acceleration responses of junctions between seats and floor are within the limits of human tolerance. The energy absorbed by the same fuselage structures are different for two cases, the energy-absorbing capability of cargo floor structures can be improved by optimizing design, and thus the wide-body aircraft crashworthiness performance can be enhanced, which has a certain reference value for crashworthiness design, analysis and evaluation of wide-body aircraft fuselage section.