人体自由负重深蹲在稳定与非稳定条件下肌肉iEMG比较研究

Comparative Study on Muscles' iEMG of Body Free Load Squat under Stable and Unstable Conditions

为了进一步区别人体自由负重在稳定与非稳定条件下对浅层肌肉放电的影响差异及不同条件下负重与肌肉活性之间的关系,本研究对12名田径运动员在不同条件下的保加利亚单腿深蹲相关肌肉(11块)进行了表面肌电测试。结果表明:(1)随着负重的提升,人体肌肉i EMG值显著提高(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001);(2)非稳定支撑面练习仅在低负重(0%RM)时较稳定支撑面练习对人体肌肉刺激更大(P<0.05);(3)人体在稳定与非稳定条件下自由负重深蹲练习的不同肌肉之间的组合用力模式不同,稳定条件主要刺激了人体的前部肌群,非稳定条件则主要刺激了后部肌群。研究认为:(1)人体在稳定与非稳定条件下的自由负重练习,负重是刺激浅层肌肉活性的主要变量;(2)人体在稳定与非稳定条件下的自由负重练习,肌肉活性与用力模式均需得到关注,应根据实际需求,合理选择训练方法;(3)稳定与非稳定条件下负重与人体肌肉的i EMG存在一种"S"型非线性曲线关系。

The purpose of this study is to distinguish the difference of effect of free load on superficial muscle discharge under stable and unstable conditions, and explore the relationship between load and muscle activity under different conditions. Related muscles of the Bulgarian single leg squat in different conditions were tested by EMG testing instrument for 12 athletes. Results showed： 1 ）The IEMG value of the human muscles was significantly increased with the increase of load（P〈0.05, P〈0.01 ,P〈0.001 ） ;2）The exercise of the unstable support surface that compared with the stable support surface has a greater stimula- tion to human muscles only when low load （P〈0.05） ;3 ）The combined force modes of the different muscles are different under stable and unstable conditions, and stability exercise stimulates mainly the body＇ s anterior muscle group and the instability exercise mainly stimulates the body＇ s posterior muscle group. In conclusions, load is the main variable to stimulate superficial muscle activity under free load exercise of stable and unstable conditions. Muscle activity and force mode of human body need to pay attention when free load exercise under stable and unstable conditions, and we should choose the training methods ac- cording to the actual demand. There is a kind of＂S＂type nonlinear curve relationship between the load and the iEMG under the stable and unstable conditions.