博尔塔拉河流域水域生态健康评估

Evaluation of Aquatic Ecosystem Health in Bortala River Basin

以博尔塔拉河流域为研究区,参考流域生态健康评估综合指数法,构建水域生态系统健康评估指标体系,综合利用生境结构指标、水生生物指标和生态压力指标对水域生态系统健康进行评估。结果表明:博尔塔拉河流域水域生态健康等级为一般,限制因子为枯水期径流量和水资源开发利用强度;流域内博尔塔拉河上游区生态健康等级为良好,限制因子为枯水期径流量和鱼类物种多样性综合指数;中游区、下游区和大河沿子河区生态健康等级均为一般,限制因子分别为特有型或指示性物种保持率和水资源开发利用强度、鱼类物种多样性综合指数和水资源开发利用强度以及枯水期径流量和大型底栖动物多样性综合指数。山区水域生态健康等级高,平原地区等级偏低,上游生态健康等级高,中下游健康等级偏低。

This paper evaluates the aquatic ecosystem health in Bortala River basin by referring to the comprehensive index method for evaluation of ecosystem health in basin, building an indicator system for evaluation of aquatic ecosys- tem health, and comprehensively using habitat structure indicators, aquatic creature indicators and ecological pressure indicators. The results show that： the aquatic ecosystem health is fair in Bortala River, limiting factor： runoff in draught period and intensity of development and utilization of water River in the basin, limiting factor： runoff in draught period and fish resources; good in the upper reaches of Bortala species diversity index; fair in the middle rea- ches, lower reaches and big river along subriver area, limiting factor： special or indicative species retention and in- tensity of development and utilization of water resources, fish species diversity index and intensity of development and utilization of water resources, and runoff in drough ecosystem health level is high in hilly area, low in reaches. t period and macrobenthos diversity index respectively. The aquatic plains, high in the upper reaches and low in the middle and lower