全科医学科住院患者共病情况调查研究

Prevalence of Comorbidity in Inpatients of Department of General Practice

目的了解全科医学科住院患者共病情况,从而为共病患者的预防及治疗提供新的思路。方法通过山西大医院信息系统选择2011年11月—2014年6月山西大医院全科医学科住院患者1 344例,调查住院患者疾病数量,分析不同年龄、性别、职业患者疾病数量构成的差异。结果 1 344例全科医学科住院患者,1种疾病患者70例(5.21%),共病患者1 274例(94.79%);共病患者疾病数量以6种疾病[59.30%(797/1 344)]、5种疾病[11.68%(157/1 344)]、4种疾病[9.38%(126/1 344)]为主。不同年龄、性别、职业全科医学科住院患者疾病数量构成比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论全科医学科住院患者共病发生率高,且疾病数量较多,其中老年人、离退休人员占比较大,说明共病主要集中在老年人,针对此类患者加强健康宣教、改变医疗策略具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of comorbidity in inpatients of department of general practice,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of comorbidity in such patients. Methods We enrolled 1 344 cases who received hospitalized treatment in Shanxi Dayi Hospital from November 2011 to June 2014 via the information system of this hospital. We investigated the kinds of diseases occurring in them,and analyzed the association of age,sex,occupation with the kinds of diseases. Results Of the participants,5. 21%（ 70/1 344） had one kind of disease,94. 79%（ 1 274/1 344） had comorbidities. Most of the participants had four or more kinds of diseases,specifically,59. 30%（ 797/1 344） had six kinds of diseases,11. 68%（ 157/1 344） had five kinds of diseases and 9. 38%（ 126/1 344） had four kinds of diseases. The kinds of diseases significantly varied by age,sex and occupation（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The inpatients of department of general practice are found to have a high prevalence of comorbidity and many kinds of diseases,and most of them are the middle-aged and elderly people,including the retired,which indicates that the elderly are prone to comorbidities. Therefore,strengthening health education and delivering targeted medical services for the elderly are of great significance.