基于DEA的大型体育场(馆)免费低收费对外开放效率研究

Research on the Efficiency of Free Low Charge and Opening to the Public of Large-scale Stadiums Based on DEA

采用数据包络分析、文献资料调研等方法,对我国大型体育场(馆)[以下简称"场(馆)"]免费、低收费对外开放(以下简称"免低开放")的效率进行实证研究。认为我国场(馆)开放综合效率较低,纯技术效率、规模效率有待进一步提高,西部地区综合效率低于东部地区;场(馆)的规模报酬递增,未来需要调配更多的资源用于免低开放,室外场地面积的投入冗余较多,运动健身指导人次(含免费体质测试人次)的产出不足。建议改善场(馆)运营管理和服务水平,提高纯技术效率;扩大场(馆)有效供给,提高规模效率;扩大场(馆)免费低收费补贴范围,持续保持规模报酬递增。

By using the data envelopment analysis, literature review and other methods, this paper conducted an empirical study on China＇ s large-scale sports venues （hereinafter referred to as ＂venues＂ ） free low-charge opening up efficiency. It is concluded that the comprehensive efficiency of China＇ s stadiums is low, the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency need to be further improved, and the comprehensive efficiency of the western region is lower than that of the eastern regions; increas- ing returns to scale in sports venues, the future need to deploy more resources for free low-charge opening up, there were more investment redundancy in outdoor site area, the sports fitness guidance （including free physical test trips） of the output is insufficient. It is proposed to improve the opera- tion and management of the venues and the service level so as to improve the pure technical efficien- cy; to expand the effective supply of venues and improve the scale of efficiency~ to expand the scope of free low-charge subsidies for venues and continue to maintain the increasing returns to scale.