高海拔荒漠地区光伏组件衰减机理分析

Analysis of attenuation mechanism of PV modules in high altitude desert area

光伏组件是光伏发电系统的核心部件,其光电转换效率主要受到环境温度、太阳辐照度和蒙尘特性等影响,但目前对于高海拔地区光伏组件光电转换效率衰减的机理尚不明确。文章以光伏电池板为研究对象,采用I-V曲线测试仪获得光伏组件的各项参数,重新定义光伏组件实际工作温度,建立光电转换效率与温度差之间关系的数学模型,并应用MATLAB软件进行仿真计算。仿真结果表明,当温度差超过75℃时,光伏组件光电转换效率的降低程度比较明显。同时,通过实际发电数据对模型进行验证,分析了光伏组件发电效率衰减的原因。

Photovoltaic panels is the core component of photovoltaic power generation system, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is mainly affected by environmental temperature, irradiance and soil properties characteristics, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels in high altitude area decay mechanism is not clear. This paper mainly to the PV module as the object research, the parameters of PV modules by I-V curve test instrument, the PV module temperature calculation in practical work, to establish a mathematical model between the photoelectric conversion efficiency and temperature difference, the application of MATLAB software to simulate the data, found that the temperature difference is more than 75 ℃ on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic components decreased more obvious. At the same time, the model is verified by the actual power generation data, and the reasons for the decline of power generation efficiency after the operation of PV modules are analyzed.