秋刀鱼内脏磷脂的化学特性研究

Chemical characterization of Pacific saury (Cololabis Saira) viscera lecithin

采用超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO_2)与有机溶剂提取两种方法对秋刀鱼内脏中的磷脂进行提取,研究了两种方法提取的磷脂及SC-CO_2提取所得磷脂中的磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)的脂肪酸组成及含量,并对SC-CO_2提取磷脂的酸值、过氧化值等理化指标进行检测分析。结果表明:SC-CO_2法的提取率(23.90±1.10)%(干重)高于有机溶剂法的提取率(20.81±1.25)%(干重),但两者无显著差异(P>0.05);SC-CO_2法所得磷脂的脂肪酸总量高于有机溶剂法的,其中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)的含量分别为8.80%和8.95%,二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量分别为43.20%和43.82%;PC、PE的脂肪酸组成之间无显著差异(P>0.05);磷脂酸值(KOH)为(21.52±0.57)mg/g,过氧化值为(2.06±0.12)mmol/kg,均符合JECFA标准Lecithin(Phosphalipides,Phospholipids;INS No.322(ⅰ))的规定。

The lecithin in Pacific saury （ Cololabis Saira） viscera was extracted by supercritical carbon di- oxide （SC -CO2） and organic solvent method. Fatty acid compositions and contents of lecithin extracted by the two methods and its phosphatidylcholine （PC） and phosphatidylethanolamine （PE） in lecithin extracted by SC - CO2 were determined. Meanwhile, the acid value and peroxide value of Pacific saury vis- cera lecithin extracted by SC - CO2 were detected. The results showed that the extraction rate of Pacific saury viscera lecithin of SC - CO2 （ （23.90 ＋ 1.10） %, dry basis） was higher than that of organic solvent method （ （20.81 ＋ 1.25 ） %, dry basis）, but they had no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The total fatty acid content of lecithin obtained by SC - CO2 was higher than that of lecithin obtained by organic solvent method. EPA contents in lecithin obtained by SC - CO2 and organic solvent method were 8.80% and 8.95%, respectively. DHA contents in lecithin obtained by SC - CO2 and organic solvent method were 43.20% and 43.82%, respectively. The fatty acid compositions of PC and PE had no significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ）. The acid value and peroxide value of Pacific saury viscera lecithin were （21.52±0.57） mgKOH/g and （2.06±0.12） mmol/kg, respectively, which met the standard of JECFA Lecithin （ Phos-phalipides, Phospholipids; INS No. 322 （ i ） ）.