父母资助对城市子女住房费用的影响——基于韩国家庭面板数据的实证研究

The Effect of Parents' Financial Aid on the Adult Children's Housing Cost:Based on Korean Labor and Income Panel Study Data

大城市过高的房价使得很多适婚人群很难仅凭自身经济能力购买住房。因此,很多新婚夫妇向父母寻求经济资助,父母的经济能力和支持程度对新婚夫妇居住的住房条件以及婚房形式产生非常重要的影响。本文利用韩国劳动面板数据分析父母的收入和资产对子女新婚居住形式与费用的影响。分析结果显示,当不区分男女样本进行回归时,子女的收入、教育水平和地区变量等一般认为会影响住房费用的因素在统计上均不显著。这表明新婚夫妇在筹备婚房的过程中所承担的责任往往并不相同。将男女样本分别进行回归时发现父母资产水平对新婚夫妇居住费用产生显著影响。特别是新婚夫妇中男方的住房方式受到父母资产的影响程度高于女方。这反映出婚房筹备方面男性承担主要费用的实际社会现象。而且比起父母当前收入,父母居住的住宅价格对新婚夫妇住宅价格产生更显著的影响,说明父母资产在婚房筹备上起到重要作用。城市居民的住房状况不仅涉及年轻人生活质量,也通过代际关系影响老年人的资产与收入,是关乎民生的重大社会问题。我国政府也面对同样的问题,应该加快建立和完善多层次城镇住房供应体系,对不同收入家庭实行不同的住房供应政策。发展租赁市场作为补充,建立购租并举的住房制度。住房政策与供应模式的创新与改革将有助于解决城市居民购房能力不足的问题,对推动国内消费模式的变化与长期持续中高速经济增长都将产生深远影响。

Excessive housing prices in big cities make it difficult for many marriageable couples to buy their houses only on their own financial ability. Therefore, many newlyweds seek financial support from their parents, and their parents＇ financial ability and support have a very important impact on the housing conditions and the form of marriage rooms for newly married couples. This paper analyzes the effect of par- ents＇ income and assets on the young adults＇ housing cost using KLIPS （Korean Labor and Income Panel Study） data. The results show that, when the sample is not divided by sex, the variables such as income, ed- ucation and regional variables, which are generally considered to affect housing costs, are not statistically significant. It indicates that the newlyweds＇ responsibilities are not the same when they prepare the wed- ding room. When the sample of men and women is separated, it is found that the level of parents＇ assets has a significant influence on the housing cost of newly married couples. Especially, the effect of parents＇ as- sets is more obvious in the case of husband. Compared with the current income, the housing price of parents has a more significant impact on the housing price of newlyweds. The results suggest that multi-level urban housing supply system should to be improved and the innovation of housing policy and supply mode will help to relieve the problem of insufficient capacity of city residents, and promote the change of domestic consumption patterns and long-term sustainable economic growth.