非洲中国新移民跨国经营及其形成机制——以阿尔及利亚的福清移民为个案

The Transnational Enterprises of New Chinese Immigrants in Africa and the Mechanism for Their Emergence and Development: A case Study on International Immigrants from Fuqing to Algeria

跨国经营是国际移民研究的一个重要课题,但迄今这方面研究主要关注的是南—北移民,对于南—南移民的跨国经营较少涉及。就华人跨国经营的研究来说,前人较少关注"草根"跨国经营者。本文以阿尔及利亚的福清移民LZ为个案,从跨国经营者的个人特征、输出地的条件和输入地的条件三个方面来讨论跨国经营及其形成机制。前人对侨汇的研究发现比较多的都是汇款从移民输入国寄回中国的过程,而本项研究发现:国际移民汇款被寄回中国后又被重新征集,并再次输出国外。在这个过程中,侨乡的互惠互利和建立于道德基础上的强制性信任起到了重要的作用。

Transnational enterprises have been an important topic in today＇ s study of international immigration. However, so far such research has been focused on immigrants in developed countries, overlooking transnational enterprises of south-south immigrants in developing countries. Furthermore, research on transnational enterprises of ethnic Chinese has paid little attention to grass-root entrepreneurs coming from Qiaoxiang in the southeastern coastal region of China. Based on a case study of international immigration from Qiaoxiang in Fuzhou, this paper examines transnational enterprises and the mechanism for their emergence and development from three perspectives, namely, the individual characteristics of transnational entrepreneurs, conditions of the country of origin, and conditions of the country of destination. An important finding is that after being remitted to China, international remittances are recollected and sent overseas again for the use of transnational enterprises. In this process, both mutual benefit in Qiaoxiang and moral-based enforceable trust play a vital role.