件杂货码头堆场堆存策略仿真研究

Yard Storage Strategy Simulation Analysis for General Cargo Terminal

合理的货物堆存策略能够提高堆场利用率,改善码头生产作业系统性能。为得到合理的堆存策略,提出反映件杂货装卸作业系统综合性能的目标函数,利用Plant-Simulation软件构建装卸作业系统仿真模型,并对资源调度分配策略等仿真技术难点进行设计。结合货物特性和堆场实际,提出基于货物分类机制(CCSS)、基于货物-货主分配机制(CADSS)、基于作业均衡(OESS)的三种堆存策略。建立仿真模型对三种堆存策略进行实验分析,结果表明,CADSS策略有助于效率提升但易导致作业不均衡,OESS策略有效均衡堆场作业情况却降低生产效率并急剧增加堆场占用,而CCSS策略能平衡多个目标,使系统各项指标维持在较好水平。

Suitable storage strategy can not only benefit utilization of yard, but also improve the performance of the port production system. In order to explore the reasonable stacking strategy, the objective function of overall system performance is put forward. A simulation model of the loading and unloading system of the general cargo terminal was built. The key technologies of simulation, such as resource scheduling and allocation strategy, were designed. Com- bined with cargos feature and reality of yard, storage strategy based on cargos classification （ CCSS）, storage strategy based on cargo - agency distribution（CADSS） and storage strategy based on operation equilibrium（OESS） were pro- posed. Simulation experiments were carried out with three strategies, and results show that the CADSS helps to en- hance the efficiency but can easily lead to unbalanced situation and the OESS can effectively balance production in yard but at the expense of lower efficiency and a sharp increase in yard occupancy, while the CCSS can balance multi- ple objectives, so that the performance indicators are maintained at a better level.