植被类型和降雨量对沟谷地土壤水分和温度空间分布的影响

Effects of Vegetation Types and Rainfall on Soil Water Content and Temperature in the Gully Areas

土壤水分和温度作为反映土壤环境的重要指标,对土壤中各种生物化学过程具有着重要的影响。本文通过对不同植被恢复模式和降雨量梯度沟谷地土壤水分和温度0~500cm剖面分布的研究,结果表明:不同植被恢复模式间沟谷地的土壤水分和温度存在着显著差异(P<0.01),土壤水分含量表现为草地沟>灌木沟>乔木沟,土壤温度表现为乔木沟>草本沟>灌木沟;这表明不同生活型植物的生物学特性可以对植物群落土壤的水分和温度产生分异影响。不同降雨梯度地区间沟谷地的土壤水分和温度也存在显著差异(P<0.01),土壤水分含量与降雨量呈正相关,土壤水量表现为西河口>沿河湾>镰刀湾;土壤温度表现为镰刀湾>西河口>沿河湾;这表明降雨量差异可以对沟谷地的土壤水分和温度产生显著影响。因此,在沟谷地植被恢复过程中,需要综合考虑地区降雨条件和植被类型的配置,这将有助于促进该地区生态环境的改善与提升。

Soil moisture and temperature are important indicators of soil environment,which have significant impact on a variety of biochemical processes in soil.Through investigating soil moisture and temperature of 0~500cm profile and spatial distribution of different vegetation restoration patterns and rainfall gradient gully,the main results and conclusions were as follows：soil moisture and temperature among different vegetation restoration pattern gullies had significant differences（P 0.01）.Soil water content（SWC）expressed as grass gully shrub gully arbor gully,and soil temperature expressed as arbor gully grass gullyshrub gully.Results showed that different vegetation restoration patterns were differentiation in gully SWC and temperature,which was closely related to the biological characteristics of the dominant species.Soil moisture and temperature among different rainfall gradient gullies had significant differences（P 0.01）.Gully SWC and precipitation had a positively correlation.Gully SWC showed as Xihekou Yanhewan Liandaowan,and gully soil temperature expressed as Liandaowan XihekouYanhewan.The results showed that rainfall differences could have a significant impact on the gully soil moisture and temperature.Therefore,during the process of gully vegetation restoration,local rainfall con-dition and spatial configuration of vegetation types should be concerned for the improvement of ecological environment.