地方政府财政竞争对财政支出效率的影响——来自长三角地级市城市群的证据

The Impact of Local Government Fiscal Competition on the Efficiency of Fiscal Expenditure——Empirical Evidence from the Urban Agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta

本文采用DEA非参数技术对长三角地级市城市群的财政支出效率进行了测算,并在中国式财政分权和以经济增长为导向的"官员晋升锦标赛"的背景下,以长三角地级市城市群为样本,分析了地方政府财政竞争对财政支出效率的影响。研究发现:(1)"为增长"而展开的财政竞争导致地方政府财政支出结构具有"生产性偏向",在这种情形下,财政竞争与财政支出效率之间存在一种非线性关系,适度的财政竞争会提升财政支出效率,但财政竞争过度则会造成财政支出的效率损失;(2)财政竞争对"生产性"财政支出效率的影响程度明显大于对"消费性"财政支出效率的影响程度,而随着财政竞争的不断加剧,过度的财政竞争会导致生产性财政支出效率和消费性财政支出效率均下降,但生产性财政支出效率下降的速度更快。本文的研究结论可以为地方政府选择财政竞争水平、优化财政支出结构、提高财政支出效率提供政策依据。

This paper uses DEA nonparametric technology to calculate the fiscal expenditure efficiency of the urban agglomeration of the Yangtze River Delta, and by using Yangtze River Delta city group at city level as a sample, this paper also analyzes the influence of local government financial competition on the efficiency of fiscal expenditure in the context of Chinese-style fiscal decentralization and economic growth-oriented Official Promotion Championship. The result shows that： （ 1 ） The financial competition for economic growth has led to a productive-bias fiscal expenditure structure, and thus there is a non-linear relationship between fiscal competition and fiscal expenditure efficiency. （ 2 ） The impact of fiscal competition on the efficiency of productive fiscal expenditure is significantly greater than the impact on the efficiency of consuming fiscal expenditure. The conclusion of this paper will provide the basis for the local government to choose the level of financial competition, optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure and improve the efficiency of fiscal expenditure.