不同产地厚竹秆形结构比较

Form and Structure of Bamboo Culm of Phyllostachys edulis ‘Pachyloen' Growing in Different Habitats

[目的]探索厚竹的秆形结构特征,了解不同产地厚竹竹秆的变异情况。[方法]采用相对标准偏差(RSD)、Pearson相关系数和离差平方和聚类等方法,分析和比较了厚竹原产地和10个引种地的竹秆性状、变异情况和秆形结构。[结果]不同产地厚竹的竹秆高度和直径差异较大,但厚壁性状和秆节数比较稳定。竹秆高度、直径和竹壁厚度间均呈极显著正相关关系;竹秆尖削度与竹秆高度、直径和竹壁厚度间均呈极显著负性相关;竹秆壁厚率与枝下高和竹秆实心处高度呈极显著负性相关,与高度和直径呈显著负相关,与秆节数和竹壁厚度相关性不显著;竹秆节数与其他秆形性状的相关性相对较小,仅与高度、分枝处的直径和竹壁厚度呈显著正相关。竹秆相对全高、相对枝下高、相对实心高、竹秆壁厚率等秆形结构因子比较稳定,RSD值均在20%以下,特别是竹秆壁厚率的RSD值仅8%;但竹秆尖削度变异大,RSD值达到了36%。[结论]厚竹秆形规格因产地的生长环境和经营措施不同而差异较大,但厚壁性状、竹秆节数及秆形结构在不同的产地均比较稳定,适宜在黄河至南岭大范围引种推广。

This study aims to explore the culm morphological and structural characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis ‘Pachyloen’,and understand how the culm varies with place of origin.The relative standard deviation（RSD）,Pearson correlation coefficient,the sum of squares,and clustering methods were used to analyze and compare the bamboo culm morphological and structural characteristics of Ph. edulis ‘Pachyloen’from 11 planting bases. The results showed that the culm height and diameter varied relatively large with place of origin,while the thickness and internode number were quite stable. The full height,height under the first branch,solid height,culm wall thickness ratio,were relatively constant,the RSD values were all less than 20%,only 8% for the culm wall thickness ratio especially. Yet,the culm taperingness varied quite significantly,with an RSD value of 36%. In short,the culm size of Ph. edulis ‘Pachyloen’varied to a large extend with the environment and planting condition,yet the culm wall thickness,internode number,and culm structure is quite constant over different locations. It is a species suitable for large scale introduction to the area between Yellow River and Nanling Mountain.