贵州喀斯特地下河分布特征及开发利用研究

The research of Guizhou Karst underground river distribution characteristics and utilization

地下河为贵州省喀斯特地下水赋存的一种独特方式,是碳酸盐分布区的一种独特的喀斯特现象,是以溶蚀作用为主形成的地下廊道、溶洞和溶蚀组成的复杂的喀斯特地下水管道系统。是碳酸盐岩分布区重要饮用水资源及水电能源的重要组成部分,针对地下河发育的主要层位、分布与地质构造关系、地下河形态特征和发育强度以及开发利用状况进行分析研究,结果表明,地下河的储水空间和水量随季节变化,其开发利用主要以拦、堵、提、引、蓄、疏等为主,因地而宜地采取综合开发利用治理形式。充分利用地下水资源和空间,在有利地形和地质构造部位,修建地下水库或利用自然落差引水灌溉与发电,为同类研究提供参考。

Underground river as a unique way of Guizhou province Karst groundwater,is a unique phenomenon of Karst on carbonate distribution area,is formed by dissolution formed underground corridor,karst and corrosion complex of Karst underground pipeline system. The underground river is an important component of the important drinking water resources and hydropower energy resources in the carbonate rock distribution area,Based on the analysis of the main stratum,distribution,geological structure,morphological characteristics and development intensity of underground river and its exploitation and utilization,the results show that the storage space and water quantity of underground river changes with the seasons,and the development and utilization of groundwater mainly depend on blocking,plugging,lifting,guiding,storing and dredging,In order to make full use of underground water resources and space,we should adopt comprehensive development and utilization forms of governance for the sake of land use,and underground reservoirs can be built on favorable terrain and geological structure or water diversion and power generation by using natural drops can be used as reference for similar studies.