低温推进剂管路预冷沸腾换热特性研究综述

Review of Cryogenic Boiling Heat Transfer during Pipe Chilldown

为探究低温推进剂预冷管路过程中非稳态两相流动与换热特性,通过文献调研与对比分析,综述了该领域研究进展。分类总结了影响预冷沸腾的主要因素,梳理了数值模拟研究结果,探讨了现有流动沸腾关联式对低温推进剂预冷沸腾过程的适用性,并整理了微重力下低温流体预冷沸腾相关实验研究。研究表明:1)低温流体预冷沸腾可用典型沸腾曲线逆向描述,换热特性与两相流型分布与常温流体流动沸腾相比存在一定差异;2)质量流速、流动方向、工质物性等是预冷沸腾过程流动与换热特性的主要影响因素;3)传统流动沸腾换热关联式不适用于低温流体预冷沸腾换热研究,需进一步拟合低温流体预冷过程关联式。通过梳理低温流体预冷沸腾理论研究和实验进展,提出了开展相关研究的思路与方向,以期为低温推进剂的安全高效加注提供参考和理论依据。

In order to reveal the characteristics of the unsteady two-phase flow and heat transfer during the cryogenic pipe chilldown,literature investigation and comparative analysis are conducted to summarize the related research progress in this field. The main factors of the cryogenic pipe chilldown are investigated and classified,and the numerical results are studied. Moreover,the applicability of the existing flow boiling correlations to the cryogenic boiling process is discussed,and the related experimental research on the cryogenic pipe chilldown in the microgravity environment is summarized.Conclusions have been drawn as follows： 1） Compared with the typical flow boiling,the cryogenic chilldown boiling which can be reversely described by the typical boiling curve performs differently in the characteristics of the heat transfer and flow patterns; 2） The factors of the mass flow rate,the flow directions and the physical properties make an important influence on the mechanism and characteristics of the cryogenic pipe chilldown; 3） The traditional flow boiling heat transfer correlations can not apply to the heat transfer studies during the cryogenic chilldown boiling,and it should be paid more attention to developing new correlations to predict the pipe chilldown process. Based on the theoretical research and experimental progress of the cryogenic chilldown boiling,a suggestive research is proposed to provide the reference and theoretical basis for the safe and efficient filling of the cryogenic propellant.