烟梗本香物质的超临界CO_2萃取

Supercritical CO_2 Fluid Extraction of Natural Flavor Components in Tobacco Stem

为了实现烟梗的高值化利用,采用超临界CO_2萃取法提取烟梗中的香味成分,制备具有烟草本香的浸膏.以烟草浸膏收率为指标,采用单因素试验及正交试验优化萃取工艺,用气相色谱-质谱法分析了所得烟草浸膏的成分.优化后的最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度60℃,萃取压力32 MPa,CO_2流量24 L/h,萃取时间2.5 h,使用体积分数为85%的乙醇溶液为夹带剂,其在烟梗中的质量分数为20%,此条件下浸膏得率为1.70%;烟草浸膏的挥发物中共检测出27种成分,含有多种烟草中的关键致香物质,如β-二氢大马酮、巨豆三烯酮、西柏三烯醇、香叶基丙酮、新植二烯等.

In order to implement the high-valued utilization of tobacco stem, supercritical CO2 fluid extraction was conducted to extract the flavor components from waste tobacco stem and to prepare essential oil with natural tobacco flavors. Then, by taking the extraction yield as an evaluation index, single-factor and orthogonal experiments were respectively carried out to optimize the extraction process. Finally, the flavor components in the obtained extracts were analyzed by means of GC-MS. The results show that, under the optimal extraction conditions, that is, an extraction temperature of 60 ℃, an extraction pressure of 32 MPa, a CO2 flow rate of 24 L/h, an extraction time of 2.5 h, when 85% ethanol solution with a mass fraction in tobacco stem of 20% is adopted as the entrainer, the extraction yield reaches 1.70% ; and that many important flavor components are contained in the 27 kinds of identi-fied components, such as β-damascenone, megastigmatrienone,β-cembrenediol, geranyl acetone, neophytadiene, and so on.