刀具材料对运载火箭叠层厚板高速制孔影响的实验研究

Experiment Study on Influence of Cooling Conditions on Drilling of Thick Laminated Plate of Carrier Rocket

针对当前厚度大于10mm的运载火箭铝合金叠层板在高速制孔过程中存在的钻头折断、噪音、毛刺等问题,开展了刀具材料对运载火箭叠层厚板钻孔影响的实验研究。从孔径、毛刺和切削力等方面分析含钴高速钢、硬质合金和涂层硬质合金3种刀具材料对制孔的影响。结果表明:相比于硬质合金钻头,含钴高速钢麻花钻尽管钻削力较高,但具有钻孔数量多、产生的毛刺高度小、出入口较为光整、细小毛刺少、刀具发生磨损而不断裂等优点,因此,更适合进行2219铝合金叠层厚板的制孔。

According to the problem existing in the drilling of thick laminated plate（thickness larger than 10mm） of carrier rocket, such as drill break, large noise and burr etc, experiment study of the influences of tool material on the drilling were carried out. Through the measurement of contour projector and depth of field stereo microscope, the effects of tool material on the drilling were analyzed by the aspects of drilling force, diameter and burr. The results show that compared with carbide drill and coated carbide one, even the drilling force of high speed steel is larger, it has some advantages, such as the number of hole which can be obtained is much more, the height of burr is small, the surface is finishing and the slim burr is less, and the tool is wear but not fracture. Therefore, the high speed steel tool is suitable for the drilling of thick laminated plate of 2219 aluminum alloy.