规模化储能技术在电力系统中的需求与应用分析

An Analysis of Requirements and Applications of Grid-Scale Energy Storage Technology in Power System

发展规模化储能是满足日益增长的电力需求、电网削峰填谷以及增加可再生能源并网消纳的重要途径,储能技术在电网中的应用将大幅提高电网运行的安全性、可靠性、经济性和灵活性。本文首先介绍几种适合规模化发展的储能技术类型,对比分析了这些储能技术的优缺点,指出了影响规模化储能应用的因素。通过分析规模化储能五种最具潜力的电网应用模式:调频、新能源消纳、延缓电网投资建设、负荷跟踪平滑和削峰填谷,给出了储能应用所需的技术和经济指标要求。最后展望了规模化储能发展应用需要解决的问题和挑战,为储能技术研究和产业发展提供了参考。

Development of grid-scale energy storage is an important access to meet the growing demand for electricity arising, electric energy time shift, and the grid integration of high penetrations of renewable energy. Energy storage applications in grid will significantly improve the security of grid operation, reliability, economy and flexibility. In this paper several energy storage technology types suitable for gridscale development are described, and a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these energy storage technologies are made, the factors that influence the grid-scale energy storage applications are pointed out. Five grid-scale energy storage applications that have the greatest overall potential to benefit power system planning and operations are analyzed include of frequency regulation, renewables grid integration, transmission and distribution upgrade deferral and substitution, load following, and electric energy time shift. Through analyzing these applications, some storage technologies certain economic, technical performance, and design targets in order to optimize grid functionality are given out. Finally, some problems and challenges are presented in the development of grid-scale energy storage applications need to be addressed, and a guidance to the energy storage technology research and industrial development is provided.