摘要
在天然气管道输送过程及炼厂实际生产中,轻烃组分含量较高的气体有可能生成"可燃冰",为避免对下游生产装置的扰动,亟需一种定量的测算手段来确定可燃冰生成的临界条件。有别于传统的经验公式法、图解法、相平衡计算法,Petro-SIM是英国KBC公司开发的桌面炼厂模拟软件,应用该软件,可以实现炼厂工艺过程的优化设计和开发。富乙烷气输送管线中发现冰状物,在预测水合物生成条件时,运用Petro-SIM模拟软件建立三相水合物的生成条件模型,准确找到生成水合物的临界条件,并结合其中的阀门、管线模型寻找出最佳的气体源头输送条件。要预防轻烃水合物的生成,就需要至少使其中一个生成条件不能满足:使富乙烷气中不含游离水,降低输送压力,提高富乙烷气温度。根据Petro-SIM模拟计算结果,选择在沿途管线上安装伴热线,避免输送末端达到水合物生成的临界温度,使生成可燃冰的几率降至最低。
In the process of natural gas pipeline transportation and the actual production of refineries,gases with high content of light hydrocarbons may form flammable ice.In order to avoid the disturbance to down- stream process units,a quantitative calculation method is needed to determine the critical conditions of flammable ice formation.Different from traditional empirical formula method,graphic method and phase equilib- rium calculation method,Petro-SIM is a desktop refinery simulation system developed by KBC （UK）.With the help of this software,the optimal design and development of refinery processes can be achieved.Ice-like substances are found in ethane-rich gas transportation pipelines.In the prediction of hydrate formation conditions,Petro- SIM software is used to establish a simulation model of three-phase hydrate formation conditions to accurate- ly find the critical conditions of hydrate formation and use the valve and pipeline model to find the optimal transportation conditions of gas source.In order to prevent the formation of light hydrocarbon hydrate,at least one of the formation conditions should not be satisfied,namely ,there should be no free water in the ethane- rich gas,the transportation pressure should be reduced,or the temperature of ethane-rich gas should be in- creased.According to the results of Petro-SIM simulation,tracing piping is to be installed on the pipelines to avoid reaching the critical temperature of hydrate formation at the terminal of pipelines,so as to minimize the probability of flammable gas formation.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2017年第8期81-86,共6页
Sino-Global Energy
