深水地平线事故三级井控技术应用分析研究

Research on Application of Deepwater Drilling Tertiary Well Control Technology:Taking Deepwater Horizon Blowout Accident as an Example

深水钻井井喷被认为是深水油气勘探开发过程中最严重的威胁之一。在发生深水钻井井喷后选择合适的三级井控技术至关重要,深水地平线井喷事故先后采用多种三级井控技术进行控制,其中前五种方式均失败。针对深水地平线事故中采用的顶部压井法和压回法等非常规压井作业开展研究,给出了顶部压井法作业失败的原因,对不同压井模式的作业参数和优缺点进行了分析,并提出了在方案优选过程中需考虑的其他因素,以期为后续三级井控技术设计和成功作业提供理论指导。

Deepwater drilling blowout is considered to be the most serious threat in the process of deepwater oil and gas exploration and development. Choosing an appropriate tertiary well control method plays an important role when deepwater drilling blowout happens. For the Deepwater Horizon accident, a variety of tertiary well control technologies have been adopted to control the blowout, while five of them failed. In this paper, we conduct a research based on the top kill method and bullheading method used in the Deepwater Horizon accident. The reason of failure of top kill method is given, and the operation parameters a.n.d the advantages and disadvantages of different pressure well kill pattern are analyzed Furthermore, we put forward the factors that should be considered in the process of plan optimization, which will provide theoretical guidance for subsequent design and successful operation of tertiary well control technology.