基于多元统计和地统计的肇源县表层土壤重金属来源辨析

Discrimination of Heavy Metal Sources in Topsoil in Zhaoyuan County Based on Multivariate Statistics and Geostatistical

土壤圈是地圈系统中对人类健康影响最显著的圈层之一。土壤重金属的自然和人为来源辨析对土壤修复和保障人体健康有重要意义。本研究以黑龙江省肇源县为研究区域,通过空间插值分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对区域土壤表层和深层土壤重金属As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn的含量和空间分异特征进行分析,进而对区域表层土壤重金属来源进行辨析。结果表明:成土母质作为表层土壤的重要物质来源对表层土壤重金属含量及空间分布有显著影响;肇源县表层土壤中Hg元素表现出全局范围较明显的富集现象,局部区域Cd元素表现出一定的富集现象,富集原因是人为污染造成的;嫩江上游汇水区土壤重金属元素的迁入,是表层土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn等元素在研究区范围内轻度富集的主要原因。

Pedosphere is one of the most significant spheres for human health effects. Discriminating the natural and anthropogenic sources of soil heavy metals is of great significance to soil remediation and safeguarding human health. This study took Zhaoyuan County in Heilongjiang Province as the study area, by using the methods of spatial interpolation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis, analyzed the contents and spatial distribution of heavy metals of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in topsoil and deep soil, and then analyzed the sources of heavy metals in topsoil. The results showed that soil parent material, as an important source of topsoil, has a significant influence on the contents and spatial distribution of heavy metals in topsoil; Hg in topsoil showed a whole range of enrichment in topsoil, and Cd showed a certain enrichment in the local area, which are caused by human pollution; the immigration of heavy metals to upstream catchment areas is attributed to the mild enrichment of heavy metals of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in topsoil in the study area.