高超声速飞行器气动耦合特性分析与补偿控制

Research on Aerodynamic Coupling Characteristics and Compensation Control for Hypersonic Vehicle

针对高超声速飞行器具有强耦合、控制器设计困难的问题,主要分析了飞行器的气动耦合特性,并在其基础上进行了耦合补偿控制器的设计。首先建立了高超声速飞行器的运动模型,并对气动模型进行了初步分析;然后利用对角优势阵理论对飞行器的气动耦合特性进行了详细分析,得到了稳定力矩耦合、阻尼力矩耦合以及操纵力矩耦合特性随马赫数、攻角及舵偏角的变化规律;最后,结合气动耦合特性设计了耦合补偿控制器,并进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明,耦合补偿控制器的设计能有效降低飞行器三通道之间的气动耦合,提高了控制系统的动态响应能力和控制精度。

Considering the strong-coupling and difficulty of designing controllers for the hypersonic vehicle（ HV）,the aerodynamic coupling characteristics are mainly researched,as well as the method of designing a coupling-compensation controller. Firstly,a generic hypersonic vehicle dynamic model with some analysis of its aerodynamic model is developed. Then,through the diagonal dominance theory,the aerodynamic coupling characteristics are analyzed detailedly,making the regularity of coupling level of stability moment,damping moment and manipulated moment associated with mach number,angle of attack and the deflection angles more clearly. Finally,a coupling-compensation controller is designed according to the previous analysis,and then proved by numerical simulations. Simulation results show that the designed controller can weaken the aero-coupling effect among the three galleries effectively and improve the dynamic response ability and accuracy of the control system.