我国市售婴儿配方食品中可选择成分使用现状调查

Investigation on the application situation of optional ingredients in infant formula in China

目的了解我国目前市售婴儿配方食品中可选择成分的实际使用情况,为我国相关标准修订提供依据。方法研究使用横断面调查,选取近2年内全国各地销售的来自国内外不同品牌的婴儿配方食品作为研究对象。录入产品标签中的配料表和营养成分表,参考我国相关标准,分析可选择成分使用情况、使用量及其分布范围等。结果本研究共纳入150份不同品牌的婴儿配方食品,基本涵盖市场主流产品。胆碱、牛磺酸、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(AA)等可选择成分在调查产品中添加比例较高,分别达到97.3%、94%、92.7%和91.3%,而聚葡萄糖、1,3-二油酸2-棕榈酸甘油三酯、乳铁蛋白、酪蛋白磷酸肽添加较少,棉子糖和酪蛋白钙肽在所有调查产品中均未添加。从可选择成分的使用量来看,牛磺酸、DHA、AA、膳食纤维、核苷酸在标准规定的使用量范围内均匀分布,其余可选择成分的使用量则处于标准范围内较低的区间。结论我国市售婴儿配方食品不同程度地使用了我国标准允许添加的绝大多数可选择成分,且部分物质的使用频次很高,但少部分物质也存在没有使用的情况。大多数可选择成分的实际使用量分布在较低的区间。建议我国根据市场实际情况和国际最新评估结果,进一步修订完善婴儿配方食品标准中可选择成分的使用标准。

Objective：In order to know the actual usage situation of optional ingredients in infant formula in China market,and to provide evidence to the revision of relevant standards. Methods：A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Infant formulas from different regions of China and abroad sold over the last two years were selected and analyzed. The ingredient list and the nutrition information in the product label were recorded;the application situation,usage amount and distribution of usage amount were analyzed,according to the relevant national standards for each substance. Results：150 different brands of infant formula were included in this study,covering the mainstream products in the market. The contents of choline,taurine,docosahexaenoic acid（DHA）and arachidonic acid（AA）were the most added ingredients which were added in 97.3%,94%,92.7% and 91.3% products respectively,while polydextrose,1,3-dioleyl 2-palmitate triglyceride,lactoferrin,casein phosphopeptide were less added,raffinose and casein calcium peptides were not found in any investigated products. From the application amount aspect,the content of taurine,DHA,AA,dietary fiber and nucleotides were evenly distributed over the range specified by the standard,and the contents of the other optional ingredients were in a lower interval of the range specified by the standards. Conclusion：In China,majority of optional ingredients that are allowed by relevant standards are used in commercially available infant formula with varying degrees,the usage frequency of some substances is high,and some substances were not used at all. For most of the optional ingredients,the usage amount is distributed in the lower interval of the allowed range. It is suggested that China should further revise the usage standard of the optional ingredients of infant formula according to the actual market situation and the latest international evaluation results.