薄壁件铣削变形误差的自适应快速计算法

Self-adaptive and Fast Calculation Method for Cutting Force Induced Error of Thin-wall Workpiece

为提高薄壁件铣削力所致变形误差的计算效率,提出一种快速计算变形的方法。考虑影响薄壁件变形的多种因素,依靠有限元软件ANSYS的参数化设计语言(APDL),建立集几何建模、自适应选点、施加移动载荷和模拟材料去除效应于一体的迭代计算仿真程序。采用自适应选点法,根据工件局部刚度将加工轨迹离散为一系列疏密不同的选点,有效节省了计算时间。通过矩形薄板和框型薄壁件算例验证快速计算法的有效性,为后续薄壁件铣削力误差实时补偿、机床误差综合补偿打下了基础。

In order to improve the calculation efficiency of cutting force induced errors, a fast computation method is put forward. Considering multiple factors that influence the deformation of thin-wall workpiece, the iterative calculation program is established depending on the ANSYS parametric design language （APDL）. The method integrates operations of building geometrical models, self-adaptive point-selection, applying cutting force in a mobile way and simulating material removal. By discretizing the cutting path into a series of distributed reasonably points according to the partial rigidity of workpiece, the self-adaptive point-selecting method saves plenty of time. By calculating the deformation of the rectangle plate and the frame thin-wall workpiece, the validity of the self-adaptive and fast calculation method is verified, which lays a solid foundation for real-time cutting-force induced error compensation and comprehensive error compensation.