深圳本地居民与外来务工人员心理健康及治疗状况对比研究

COMPARISON OF MENTAL HEALTH AND TREATMENT STATUS BETWEEN LOCAL RESIDENTS AND MIGRANT WORKERS IN SHENZHEN,CHINA

目的调查深圳市本地居民和外来务工人员心理健康及治疗状况,为制定外来务工人员心理疾病医保策略提供依据。方法随机抽取深圳本地1 200名居民和1 200名外来务工人员作为调查对象,比较两组人群焦虑、自尊与就医状况。结果外来务工人员焦虑自评量表中躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁、精神病性、焦虑、偏执因子分及总分均高于本地居民(t=2.471~8.683,P<0.05);外来务工人员自尊量表评分显著低于本地居民(t=3.687,P<0.05)。外来务工人员实际就医比例明显低于本地居民(χ2=50.513,P<0.05);医疗服务费用花费显著低于本地居民(t=11.373,P<0.05)。结论应关注外来务工人员的心理问题,优化医院配置,以提高外来务工人员心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the current status of mental health and treatment in local residents and migrant workers in Shenzhen,China,and to provide evidence for medical insurance strategies coveragefor mental diseases in migrant workers. Methods A total of 1 200 local residents and 1 200 migrant workers in Shenzhen were randomly recruited.The anxiety status,Self-Esteem Scale（SES）score,and current status of seeking medical treatment were compared between local residents and migrant workers. Results Compared with the local residents,the migrant workers showed significantly higher total score of Symptom Checklist 90 and scores on subscales of somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,psychosis,anxiety,and paranoid factor（t=2.471-8.683,P〈0.05）,a significantly lower SES score（t=3.687,P〈0.05）,a significantly lower proportion of people seeking medical treatment（χ2=50.513,P〈0.05）,and a significantly lower cost of medical services（t=11.373,P〈0.05）.Conclusion It is necessary to pay more attention to the mental problems of migrant workers in Shenzhen and to optimize the medical services in hospitals,in order to improve the mental health of migrant workers.