2015年云南省疾病监测点居民死因监测结果

Monitoring results of causes of death among residents in disease surveillance spots of Yunnan Province in 2015

目的了解云南省疾病监测点居民死因分布特点,为综合防治提供依据。方法凡2015年发生在疾病监测点的常住人口死亡个案均由辖区内各级医疗机构工作人员按要求填写《居民死亡医学证明(推断)书》,并通过国家人口死亡信息登记管理系统进行网络直报和审核,下载审核无误的监测点2015年网络直报死亡数据进行清理汇总,通过死亡率、构成比、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、减寿率(PYLLR)、期望寿命等指标分析云南省居民死亡和减寿的主要原因。结果 2015年云南省疾病监测点报告死亡总数57 845例,死亡率608.92/10万(标化死亡率为653.88/10万),男性高于女性;前5位死因顺位依次为脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤和伤害,占全死因的81.67%;恶性肿瘤、伤害和脑血管病的减寿顺位位居前3位,减寿率依次为11.61‰、10.44‰和9.12‰,是造成云南省疾病监测点居民寿命损失的主要疾病;居民人均期望寿命为76.15岁,去除前5位死因的影响,居民期望寿命提高了10.94岁。结论慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)是构成监测点居民死亡的主要原因,恶性肿瘤和伤害是监测点青壮年过早死亡(早亡)的主要原因,慢性病和伤害是威胁该省监测点居民健康、影响人均期望寿命的重要因素,政府应将其纳入疾病预防控制规划,进行有效干预。

[Objective] To understand the distribution features of death causes among residents in disease surveillance spots of Yunnan Province,provide scientific evidence for comprehensive prevention and control.[Methods] The deaths of residents which occurred in the disease surveillance spots in 2015 were reported by medical institutions staff trough the Residents medical certificate of death （inferred） according to the requirements.The certificates were reported and examined through the national population death registration and management system,and correct death data in 2015 were downloaded,cleaned up and summarized.The major causes of death and loss of life were analyzed by mortality,constituent ratio of cause of death,Potential Years of Life Lost （PYLL）,Potential Years of Life Lost Rate （PYLLR） and Expectation of life.[Results] 57 845 death cases were reported in disease surveillance spots in 2015 and the mortality was 608.92/lakh （standardized mortality rate was 653.88/lakh）,while the mortality in males was higher than that in females.The top five causes of death were cerebrovascular disease,respiratory diseases,heart disease,cancer and injuries,accounting for 81.67% of total death cases.The PYLLR of cancer,injuries and cerebrovascular disease was respectively 11.61‰,10.44‰ and 9.12‰,which were the top three diseases causing the loss of life of the residents in disease surveillance spots of Yunnan Province.The expectation of life was 76.15 years old,which could be increased by 10.94 years when top 5 causes of death were excluded.[Conclusion] Chronic non-communicable diseases （CNCD） are the main causes of death among residents in disease surveillance spots.Cancer and injuries are the main reason of early death in young adults.CNCD and injuries are main influencing factors of health and expectation of life in disease surveillance spots of Yunnan Province,which should be included in the disease prevention and control planning and effectively intervened by government.