南京市某职业人群糖尿病患病现状及相关危险因素

Epidemic situation and related risk factors of diabetes among an occupational population of Nanjing City

目的分析南京市化学工业园区某职业人群糖尿病流行现状及相关危险因素,为职业人群制定糖尿病防治措施提供理论依据。方法采取整群随机抽样的方法于2014年6—8月对某企业的3个职业场所的所有职工进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。采用χ2检验和二元logistic回归模型分析糖尿病的危险因素。结果共调查1 084例,平均年龄为(39.58±9.61)岁,其中男性785例,女性299例,糖尿病患病率为4.24%。该职业人群糖尿病相关因素暴露率前3位为吸烟(42.90%)、超重/肥胖(42.16%)和向心性肥胖(33.95%)。单因素分析表明性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、家族史、高血压、高脂血症、吸烟、饮酒、向心性肥胖与糖尿病的发生相关(均P<0.05)。经多因素非条件逐步logistic回归分析表明,年龄(OR=3.038,95%CI:1.777~5.194)、家族史(OR=4.176,95%CI:1.880~9.276)、高血压(OR=2.038,95%CI:1.061~3.913)、高血脂症(OR=2.039,95%CI:1.054~3.943)、向心性肥胖(OR=3.309,95%CI:1.623~6.743)是糖尿病独立的危险因素。结论该职业人群糖尿病患病率低于全国平均水平,高龄、家族史、高血压、高脂血症和向心性肥胖是糖尿病发生的主要危险因素,应针对糖尿病危险因素采取综合防治措施。

[Objective] To analyze the epidemic situation and related risk factors of diabetes among an occupational population in Chemical Industry Park of Nanjing City,provide theoretical evidences for making the prevention and control of diabetes for occupational population.[Methods] With the cluster random sampling,all the employees in three workplaces of a enterprise were surveyed by questionnaire investigation,physical examination and laboratory examination from June to August in 2014.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors of diabetes.[Results] Totally 1084 employees were investigated with the average age of （39.58±9.61） years old,there were 785 males and 299 females,and the prevalence rate of diabetes was 4.24%.The top three diabetes-related factors in exposure rate were smoking （42.90%）,overweight/obesity （42.16%） and central obesity （33.95%）.Single factor analysis indicated that the occurrence of diabetes was related to sex,age,BMI,family history,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,smoking,drinking and central obesity （all P〈0.05）.Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=3.038,95%CI：1.777-5.194）,amily history （OR =4.176,95%CI：1.880-9.276）,hypertension （OR =2.038,95%CI：1.061-3.913）,hyperlipidemia（OR =2.039,95%CI：1.054-3.943） and central obesity（OR =3.309,95% CI：1.623-6.743） were independent risk factors of diabetes.[Conclusion] The prevalence rate of diabetes among this occupational population is lower than the national average level,and advanced age,family history,hypertension,hyperlipidemia and central obesity are the main risk factors for diabetes.It is necessary to take comprehensive prevention and control measures against the risk factors of diabetes.