2013—2015年北京市朝阳区公共场所室内空气质量监测结果

Monitoring results of indoor air quality in public places of Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2013-2015

目的了解北京市朝阳区公共场所室内空气质量,为更好地改善并提高公共场所室内空气卫生状况。方法对辖区内2013—2015年3类公共场所室内空气进行现场检测,对室内空气细菌总数采取空气沉降法,数据结果利用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。结果 2013—2015年共监测315户,合格264户,合格率83.8%,其中2013年合格率为82.3%,2014年合格率为84.8%,2015年为84.5%,3年抽检合格率,差异无统计学意义;对公共场所进行分类分析,3年总体合格率均为住宿>商场超市>文化娱乐场所,不同类型公共场所各年合格率,均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);2013—2015年呈现第3季度合格率最低,第4季度最高,第1季度高于第2季度的趋势,第三季度合格率逐年提高,其中2014和2015年四季监测结果经χ2检验,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。监测项目中一氧化碳、风速、室内温度全部合格,监测项目不合格的分别为甲醛、合格率为96.7%,二氧化碳,合格率为99.3%,相对湿度,合格率为96.6%,可吸入颗粒物,合格率为98.5%,空气中细菌总数合格率为98.9%,不同监测项目合格率经χ2检验,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论辖区内公共场所室内空气质量状况良好,其中文化娱乐类场所室内空气质量有待提高,甲醛等不合格项目应通过相应的改善措施来减少室内空气中浓度,加强日常管理和监测频率。

[Objective] To know the indoor air quality in public places of Chaoyang District,improve and enhance the sanitation status of indoor air in public places.[Methods] The indoor air quality was tested in three types of public place from 2013-2015.Total bacterial count in indoor air was detected by the air sedimentation method,and the data were statistically analyzed by SPSS.[Results] Totally 315 public places were monitored from 2013-2015,264 were qualified with the qualified rate of 83.8%.There qualified rate in 2013,2014 and 2015 was respectively 82.3%,84.8% and 84.5%,and the difference was not statistically significant.In different types of public place,the qualified rates were as follows：accommodations 〉 shopping mall and super market〉 entertainment places,and the differences in annual qualified rate were statistically significant among different types of public place （P〈0.05）.During 2013-2015,the qualified rate in the third quarter was the lowest and that in the fourth quarter was the highest,the qualified rate in the first quarter was higher than that in the second quarter,the qualified rate in the third quarter increased year by year,and Chi square test revealed that there were statistically significant differences in quarter qualified rate between 2014 and 2015 （P〈0.05）.The qualified rates of carbon monoxide,wind speed and indoor temperature were 100%.The qualified rate of formaldehyde,carbon dioxide,relative humidity,inhalable particles and bacterial count in air was respectively 96.7%,99.3%,96.6%,98.5% and 98.9%,which belonged to the unqualified indexes.Chi square test showed that there were statistically significant differences in qualified rate of different indexes （P〈0.05）.[Conclusion] The indoor air quality in public places of Chaoyang District is good.The indoor air quality in entertainment places needs to be improved,the related measures should be carried out to reduce the concentrations of the unqualified items （such as formaldehyde） in indoor air,and the daily management and monitoring frequency should be strengthened.