北京市平谷区辐射风险因素分布及其卫生应急资源现状

Distribution of radiation risk factors and situation of health emergency resources in Pinggu District of Beijing

目的了解北京市平谷区现有辐射风险因素的分布状况,科学整合辐射卫生应急资源,为该地区辐射突发事件的应急处置提供有效决策。方法以北京市平谷区现有辐射源应用单位、辐射监测机构和卫生应急部门为调查对象,制作专用调查表了解辐射源、场所、人员及卫生应急资源现状,依据有关法规和技术标准进行评价。结果截至2017年3月,北京市平谷区共有放射工作单位25家,其中医用和非医用辐射单位分别为22家和3家,共有各种辐射源项设备78台,其中Ⅱ类射线装置15台,Ⅲ类射线装置63台,辐射作业场所78处;现有放射工作人员213名,93.9%的人员具有高中及以上学历,但仍有14.6%的人员未接受培训;北京市平谷区建立了含辐射卫生应急的基本公共卫生应急组织体系和应急响应程序,有常规辐射防护监测仪器和医学救援装备。结论北京市平谷区的辐射风险因素分布是复杂的,但基本是可控的,还需进一步加强辐射应急相关的组织、人员队伍建设和资源配置,以有效应对该地区辐射风险和意外事故。

[Objective] To know the distribution status of current radiation risk factors in Pinggu District of Beijing,scientifically integrate the radiation health emergency resources,and provide effective decision-making of emergency disposal for the region radiation incident.[Methods] The radiation source application institutes,radiation monitoring organizations and health emergency departments in Pinggu District of Beijing were enrolled in the investigation.The present situation of radiation sources,workplaces,personnel and health emergency resources was discovered by means of special questionnaire investigation,and assessed according to the relevant regulations and technical standards.[Results] As of March 2017,there were totally 25 radiation institutes in Pinggu District of Beijing,including 22 medical radiation institutes and 3 non-medical radiation institutes.There were 78 radiation source equipments,including 15 type Ⅱ ray devices,63 type Ⅲ ray devices,and 78 radiation workplaces in the district.Among 213 radiation workers,93.9% had the education background of senior high school or above,but there were still 14.6% of the staff had not received radiation protection training.The basic public health emergency organization system containing radiation health emergency and emergency response procedures were established in Pinggu District of Beijing,and there were conventional radiation protection monitoring instruments and medical rescue equipments.[Conclusion] The distribution of the radiation risk factors in Pinggu District of Beijing is complex and controllable basically.It is necessary to further strengthen the organization,personnel team construction and resources allocation of radiation emergency to effectively deal with the region radiation risks and accidents.