美国小说“人与自然”关系母题历时性研究

A Diachronic Study of the Relationshipbetween Human and Nature in American Novels

人与自然的关系是美国文学的一个经典主题,不断出现在美国浪漫主义、现实主义、现代主义和后现代主义的小说作品中,因此,便成了美国文学中一个不可忽视的文学母题。人与自然关系母题在美国文学史上呈动态趋势,经历了由"自然之美"到"自然之恶"再到"自然之伤"的一个发展过程。人与自然关系母题的动态变化充分反映了美国文学各个重要时期的文学特征,对其进行历时性研究有助于加深和增强对美国文学的理解与赏析。

The relationship between human and nature is one of the typical themes in American literature, and it frequently ap- pears in the novels of American romanticism, realism, modernism and post-modernism. Thus it becomes a significant literary motif in American literature. In the history of American literature, the relationship demonstrates a dynamic trend, experiencing the evolving process of ＂the beauty of nature＂, ＂the evilness of nature＂ and ＂the pain of nature＂. The dynamic change in the relationship fully re- fleets the literary features of each important period in American literature, therefore, a diachronic study of the relationship is beneficial to deepen and enhance the understanding and appreciation of American literature.