山东省小麦孢囊线虫冬前侵染调查

Investigation on the Infection of Heterodera avenae during Pre-Winter Season in Shandong Province

为探讨禾谷孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae,CCN)在山东省麦田的寒冬前孵出和侵染情况,于2014和2015年12月份在山东省部分地区分别对48和65个CCN病田进行了抽样调查。调查结果表明,2014和2015年在部分病田CCN有2龄幼虫(J_2)孵出,孵出病田率分别为75.0%和93.8%。2014年在菏泽、德州、聊城和泰安部分病田有CCN J_2对小麦根系的侵入以及少量白色雌虫的产生,各地累计J_2侵入和雌虫形成的病田率分别为18.8%和10.4%。2015年在菏泽、聊城和青岛部分病田有CCN J_2对小麦根系的侵入、3龄幼虫(J_3)和4龄幼虫(J_4)的发育以及少量白色雌虫的产生,各地累计J_2侵入、J_3+J_4发育和雌虫形成的病田率分别为7.7%、7.7%和1.5%。CCN的冬前侵染在山东省不同地区的发生存在差异,在菏泽、聊城和德州CCN的冬前侵染明显高于其他地区。

In order to probe the emergence and infection situations of cereal cyst nematode （Heterodera ave- nae, CCN） before cold winter season in the wheat fields of Shandong Province,the random sampling inves- tigations were carried out during December of year 2014 and 2015, in which 48 and 65 CCN--diseased fields were sampled, respectively. The results showed that the second stage juveniles （J2s） emerged into soil in partial diseased fields in December of 2014 and 2015, with the J2--emerged field ratios of 75 %and 93.8%, respectively. In 2014, CCN J2s were found to penetrate into wheat roots and produce a small number of white females in Heze, Dezhou, Liaocheng and Tai＇an cities, and the diseased field ratios of J2 penetration and female formation were 18.8% and 10.4% accumulated over all regions, respectively. In 2015, the development of the third stage juveniles （J3s） and fourth stage juveniles （J4s） and the production of a few white females were observed in Heze, Liaocheng and Qingdao. The diseased field ratios of J2 pene- tration, J3＋J4 development and female formation were 7.7%, 7.7% and 1.5% accumulated over all re- gions, respectively. There were differences in the pre--winter infection of CCN among different regions of Shandong Province, and the CCN pre--winter infections of Heze, Liaocheng and Dezhou were much more serious than those of other regions.