油菜混合青贮加工及其对山羊饲喂效果的研究

Preparation of Rape Mixed Silage and Its Feeding Effect on Goat

旨在研究以全株油菜为主要原料的油菜混合青贮加工方法,并评价该青贮对山羊的饲喂效果。设计6个青贮配方(1~6号),通过掺混不同比例的花生秧、酒糟、玉米粉,使得油菜混合青贮水分含量为(60±2)%,同时添加不同含量的复合青贮菌、酿酒酵母,经过60 d发酵后,对油菜混合青贮进行感官测定和酸度测定,综合评价各青贮配方品质;以玉米青贮为对照,评价筛选出的综合品质最优的油菜混合青贮对山羊的饲喂效果。结果表明,油菜混合青贮配方中油菜、花生秧、酒糟、玉米粉比例为65∶22∶10∶3,且添加酿酒酵母200 g/t、复合青贮菌1.5 g/t时(4号配方),油菜混合青贮的综合品质最优;以该配方加工制备的油菜混合青贮饲喂山羊,其平均增重与对照组中山羊日增重无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上提示,利用全株油菜为主要原料加工制备的油菜混合青贮综合品质优良,其对山羊的饲喂效果与传统玉米青贮饲料相似,具有一定的推广和应用价值。

This study aimed to investigate the preparation technology of rape mixed silage using whole-plant rape as main raw material, and to assess its feeding effect on goats. Six silage preparation formulations were designed in present study （NO.1 -NO.6）; the moisture content of the rape mixed silage was adjusted to （60±2） % by adding different ratios of peanut vine, vinasse and corn powder, and the compound bacterial agent and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also supplemented. After sixty days fermentation, sensory evaluation and acidity test were performed to assess the fermentation quality of the rape mixed silage prepared with different formulations; furthermore, feeding effect of the screened rape mixed silage with superior comprehensive quality on goat were evaluated using corn silage as control. When the ratio of whole-plant rape, peanut vine, vinasse and corn powder was 65：22：10：3 and the supplementing amount of compound bacterial agent and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 1.5 g/t and 200 g/t respectively （NO.4 formulation）, the rape mixed silage had the best comprehensive quality; the goat fed the rape mixed silage prepared with NO.4 formulation showed no significant difference from the control goat in terms of average weight gain （P〉0.05）. The combine data suggest that the rape mixed silage prepared with whole-plant rape as main raw material has good comprehensive quality and has similar feeding effect on goat with traditional corn silage, indicating its promotion and application value.