“魏晋风度”与礼教衰微——以士人娱乐活动为考察中心

“Social-Style in Wei-Jin Times” and the Declining of Feudal Etiquette——Scholars Entertainments as Study-Centered

魏晋时期是中国古代史特殊的转型时期,"魏晋风度"是在这一时期形成的一种特殊的士人风貌,是在玄学思想影响下形成的文人习尚与风气。魏晋士人有着深刻的思想矛盾和礼教冲突,一方面,魏晋士人有深厚的儒家文化背景;另一方面,他们又对礼教伦理的虚假性和强制性本质进行猛烈抨击。这种抨击不是简单的反抗,而是士人在焦虑、恐惧、悲哀和痛苦的精神世界中对人生道路的拷问。在礼教衰微和玄学大行其道的大环境下,这种内心的剧烈冲突在魏晋士人的娱乐活动中得到了更明显、更具体的表现。

＂Social-Style in Wei-Jin Times＂ is a special style of literati formed in the epoch of Wei-Jin period （220-581AD） , the historical transition period, is formed in literati habit and atmosphere under the influence of metaphysics in Wei-Jin period. The scholars in Wei-Jin period has a profound ideological contradictions and ethical conflict, on the one hand, the scholars in Wei-Jin period have profound cultural background of Confucianism, on the other hand, they delivered a blast at the spurious and mandatory of Confucian propriety. The attack is not simply a revolt, but scholars third-degreed his path in life in the spiritual world resounded with anxiety, fear, sorrow and pain. In such context with ethics decline and Metaphysics is popular, the violent conflict between the inner has been more ob- vious and more specific in the entertainment of scholars.