2.0MPa氦氧暴露对潜水员信息加工和记忆的影响

Effects of 2.0 MPa heliox exposure on the rate of information processing, and memory of divers

目的 研究2.0 MPa氦氧暴露对潜水员信息加工速度、内源性注意及空间工作记忆的影响.方法 对4名职业潜水员在加压前、加压到2.0 MPa和减压后的简单反应时、选择反应时、辨别反应时、内源性注意和空间工作记忆进行测验,比较其差异.结果 加压前、加压到2.0 MPa和减压后3种条件下潜水员的简单反应时比较差异无统计学意义.加压前、加压到2.0 MPa和减压后潜水员的选择反应时[分别为（418.560±13.932）、（473.080±34.154）、（442.410±15.184） ms]比较差异有统计学意义（F=5.539,P＜0.05）,辨别反应时[分别为（307.395±3.531）、（358.740±12.536）、（319.145±2.037） ms]比较差异有统计学意义（F=11.433,P＜0.01）,内源性注意反应时[分别为（138.199±2.028）、（156.914±3.247）、（143.958±3.050） ms]比较差异有统计学意义（F=12.913,P＜0.01）;空间工作记忆反应时[分别为（493.572±83.412）、（550.280±86.815）、（523.658±78.797） ms]比较差异有统计学意义（F=15.255,P＜0.01）.结论 2.0 MPa氦氧暴露可能造成潜水员对复杂信息的加工速度下降,这可能与高压对潜水员空间信息的注意选择和信息的加工储存造成的影响有关.

Objective To investigate the effects of 2.0 MPa heliox exposure on the rate of information processing,endogenous attention and spatial working memory of divers.Methods Four divers participated in the study.Tests were made on the performance of simple reaction time,selection reaction time,discrimination reaction time,endogenous attention and spatial working memory both before and after pressure exposures,as well as compression to a pressure of 2.0 MPa,and differences in the above indicators were compared between them.Results There were no significant differences in simple reaction time,when comparisons were made between pre-exposure,2.0 MPa pressure exposure and post-exposure.But statistical significance could be noticed in selective reaction time [（418.560 ± 13.932） ms,（473.080 ± 34.154） ms and （442.410 ± 15.184） ms respectively],when comparisons were made between pre-exposure,2.0 MPa pressure exposure and post-exposure（F =5.539,P 〈 0.05）.Statistical significance could also be seen in discrimination reaction time （307.395 ± 3.531,358.740 ±12.536,319.145 ± 2.037,respectively）,when comparisons were made under the above-mentioned 3 different situations（F =11.433,P 〈 0.01）.Before exposure,during exposure at 2.0 MPa and after exposure,endogenous attention reaction time of the divers was respectively [（138.199 ± 2.028） ms,（156.914 ± 3.247） ms and （143.958 ± 3.050） ms,and statistical significance was shown,when comparisons were made between them（F =12.913,P 〈0.01）.Under the above 3 situations,spatial working memory reaction time was respectively （493.572 ± 83.412） ms,（550.280 ± 86.815） ms and （523.658 ± 78.797） ms,and statistical significance was also be seen,when comparisons were made between them（F =15.255,P 〈0.01）.Conclusions 2.0 MPa heliox exposure seemed to affect the divers in the processing of complicated tasks,which might be associated with the impairment of divers in attention selection and information storage encountered during helium exposure.